Advanced widgets in PyGTK
In this part of the PyGTK programming tutorial, we will introduce some more advanced widgets in PyGTK.IconView
The IconView is a widget which displays a list of icons in a grid.iconview.py
#!/usr/bin/pythonThis example shows icons of the currently selected directory. It has a toolbar and two buttons. Up button and home button. We use them to navigate through the file system.
# ZetCode PyGTK tutorial
#
# This example demonstrates the IconView widget.
# It shows the contents of the currently selected
# directory on the disk.
#
# author: jan bodnar
# website: zetcode.com
# last edited: February 2009
import gtk
import os
COL_PATH = 0
COL_PIXBUF = 1
COL_IS_DIRECTORY = 2
class PyApp(gtk.Window):
def __init__(self):
super(PyApp, self).__init__()
self.set_size_request(650, 400)
self.set_position(gtk.WIN_POS_CENTER)
self.connect("destroy", gtk.main_quit)
self.set_title("IconView")
self.current_directory = '/'
vbox = gtk.VBox(False, 0);
toolbar = gtk.Toolbar()
vbox.pack_start(toolbar, False, False, 0)
self.upButton = gtk.ToolButton(gtk.STOCK_GO_UP);
self.upButton.set_is_important(True)
self.upButton.set_sensitive(False)
toolbar.insert(self.upButton, -1)
homeButton = gtk.ToolButton(gtk.STOCK_HOME)
homeButton.set_is_important(True)
toolbar.insert(homeButton, -1)
self.fileIcon = self.get_icon(gtk.STOCK_FILE)
self.dirIcon = self.get_icon(gtk.STOCK_DIRECTORY)
sw = gtk.ScrolledWindow()
sw.set_shadow_type(gtk.SHADOW_ETCHED_IN)
sw.set_policy(gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC, gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC)
vbox.pack_start(sw, True, True, 0)
self.store = self.create_store()
self.fill_store()
iconView = gtk.IconView(self.store)
iconView.set_selection_mode(gtk.SELECTION_MULTIPLE)
self.upButton.connect("clicked", self.on_up_clicked)
homeButton.connect("clicked", self.on_home_clicked)
iconView.set_text_column(COL_PATH)
iconView.set_pixbuf_column(COL_PIXBUF)
iconView.connect("item-activated", self.on_item_activated)
sw.add(iconView)
iconView.grab_focus()
self.add(vbox)
self.show_all()
def get_icon(self, name):
theme = gtk.icon_theme_get_default()
return theme.load_icon(name, 48, 0)
def create_store(self):
store = gtk.ListStore(str, gtk.gdk.Pixbuf, bool)
store.set_sort_column_id(COL_PATH, gtk.SORT_ASCENDING)
return store
def fill_store(self):
self.store.clear()
if self.current_directory == None:
return
for fl in os.listdir(self.current_directory):
if not fl[0] == '.':
if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(self.current_directory, fl)):
self.store.append([fl, self.dirIcon, True])
else:
self.store.append([fl, self.fileIcon, False])
def on_home_clicked(self, widget):
self.current_directory = os.path.realpath(os.path.expanduser('~'))
self.fill_store()
self.upButton.set_sensitive(True)
def on_item_activated(self, widget, item):
model = widget.get_model()
path = model[item][COL_PATH]
isDir = model[item][COL_IS_DIRECTORY]
if not isDir:
return
self.current_directory = self.current_directory + os.path.sep + path
self.fill_store()
self.upButton.set_sensitive(True)
def on_up_clicked(self, widget):
self.current_directory = os.path.dirname(self.current_directory)
self.fill_store()
sensitive = True
if self.current_directory == "/": sensitive = False
self.upButton.set_sensitive(sensitive)
PyApp()
gtk.main()
self.current_directory = '/'The current_directory is the directory, that is displayed by the IconView widget.
def create_store(self):The create_store() method creates a ListStore. It is a data model used in IconViewwidget. It takes three parameters. The directory name, the pixbuf image of the icon and a bool variable, indicating, whether we have a directory or a file.
store = gtk.ListStore(str, gtk.gdk.Pixbuf, bool)
store.set_sort_column_id(COL_PATH, gtk.SORT_ASCENDING)
return store
if not fl[0] == '.':In the fill_store() method, we fill the list store with data. Here, we find out all directories in the current path. We exclude the invisible directories, which begin with '.'.
if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(self.current_directory, fl)):
self.store.append([fl, self.dirIcon, True])
else:
self.store.append([fl, self.fileIcon, False])
def on_home_clicked(self, widget):If we click on the home button, the home directory becomes a current directory. We refill the list store. And make the up button active.
self.current_directory = os.path.realpath(os.path.expanduser('~'))
self.fill_store()
self.upButton.set_sensitive(True)
In the on_item_activated() method, we react to an event, which is generated, when we click on a icon from the icon view widget.
model = widget.get_model()We get the path of the activated item. And we determine, if it is a directory or a file. If it is a file, we return.
path = model[item][COL_PATH]
isDir = model[item][COL_IS_DIRECTORY]
if not isDir:
return
self.current_directory = self.current_directory + os.path.sep + pathIn case it is a directory, we replace the root with the current path, refill the store and make the up button sensitive.
self.fill_store()
self.upButton.set_sensitive(True)
def on_up_clicked(self, widget):If we click on the up button, we replace the current directory with it's parent directory. Refill the list store. And the up button is activated, if we are below the root (/) directory of the file system.
self.current_directory = os.path.dirname(self.current_directory)
self.fill_store()
sensitive = True
if self.current_directory == "/": sensitive = False
self.upButton.set_sensitive(sensitive)
Figure: IconView
ListView
In the following example, we use the TreeView widget to show a list view. Again the ListStore is used to store data.listview.py
#!/usr/bin/pythonIn our example, we show a list of six actresses in the TreeViewwidget. Each of the rows shows the name, the place of born and the year of born for each of them.
# ZetCode PyGTK tutorial
#
# This example shows a TreeView widget
# in a list view mode
#
# author: jan bodnar
# website: zetcode.com
# last edited: February 2009
import gtk
actresses = [('jessica alba', 'pomona', '1981'), ('sigourney weaver', 'new york', '1949'),
('angelina jolie', 'los angeles', '1975'), ('natalie portman', 'jerusalem', '1981'),
('rachel weiss', 'london', '1971'), ('scarlett johansson', 'new york', '1984' )]
class PyApp(gtk.Window):
def __init__(self):
super(PyApp, self).__init__()
self.set_size_request(350, 250)
self.set_position(gtk.WIN_POS_CENTER)
self.connect("destroy", gtk.main_quit)
self.set_title("ListView")
vbox = gtk.VBox(False, 8)
sw = gtk.ScrolledWindow()
sw.set_shadow_type(gtk.SHADOW_ETCHED_IN)
sw.set_policy(gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC, gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC)
vbox.pack_start(sw, True, True, 0)
store = self.create_model()
treeView = gtk.TreeView(store)
treeView.connect("row-activated", self.on_activated)
treeView.set_rules_hint(True)
sw.add(treeView)
self.create_columns(treeView)
self.statusbar = gtk.Statusbar()
vbox.pack_start(self.statusbar, False, False, 0)
self.add(vbox)
self.show_all()
def create_model(self):
store = gtk.ListStore(str, str, str)
for act in actresses:
store.append([act[0], act[1], act[2]])
return store
def create_columns(self, treeView):
rendererText = gtk.CellRendererText()
column = gtk.TreeViewColumn("Name", rendererText, text=0)
column.set_sort_column_id(0)
treeView.append_column(column)
rendererText = gtk.CellRendererText()
column = gtk.TreeViewColumn("Place", rendererText, text=1)
column.set_sort_column_id(1)
treeView.append_column(column)
rendererText = gtk.CellRendererText()
column = gtk.TreeViewColumn("Year", rendererText, text=2)
column.set_sort_column_id(2)
treeView.append_column(column)
def on_activated(self, widget, row, col):
model = widget.get_model()
text = model[row][0] + ", " + model[row][1] + ", " + model[row][2]
self.statusbar.push(0, text)
PyApp()
gtk.main()
def create_model(self):In the create_model() method, we create the list store. The list store has three parameters. The name of the actress, the place of born and year of born. This is the data model of our TreeViewwidget.
store = gtk.ListStore(str, str, str)
for act in actresses:
store.append([act[0], act[1], act[2]])
return store
treeView = gtk.TreeView(store)Here we create the TreeView widget, taking the list store as a parameter. set_rules_hint()method changes the background color of the every second row in the TreeView widget.
treeView.connect("row-activated", self.on_activated)
treeView.set_rules_hint(True)
rendererText = gtk.CellRendererText()In the create_columns() method, we add three columns to our TreeView widget. The above code creates a column displaying names of the actresses. The CellRendererTextretrieves its text from the first column of the tree model. (text=0)
column = gtk.TreeViewColumn("Name", rendererText, text=0)
column.set_sort_column_id(0)
treeView.append_column(column)
def on_activated(self, widget, row, col):If we double click on an item, we display the whole row in the statusbar.
model = widget.get_model()
text = model[row][0] + ", " + model[row][1] + ", " + model[row][2]
self.statusbar.push(0, text)
Figure: ListView
Tree
In the last example of this chapter, we use the TreeViewwidget to show a hierarchical tree of data.tree.py
#!/usr/bin/pythonThis time we use the TreeView widget to show hierarchical data.
# ZetCode PyGTK tutorial
#
# This example shows a TreeView widget
# in a tree view mode
#
# author: jan bodnar
# website: zetcode.com
# last edited: February 2009
import gtk
class PyApp(gtk.Window):
def __init__(self):
super(PyApp, self).__init__()
self.set_size_request(400, 300)
self.set_position(gtk.WIN_POS_CENTER)
self.connect("destroy", gtk.main_quit)
self.set_title("Tree")
tree = gtk.TreeView()
languages = gtk.TreeViewColumn()
languages.set_title("Programming languages")
cell = gtk.CellRendererText()
languages.pack_start(cell, True)
languages.add_attribute(cell, "text", 0)
treestore = gtk.TreeStore(str)
it = treestore.append(None, ["Scripting languages"])
treestore.append(it, ["Python"])
treestore.append(it, ["PHP"])
treestore.append(it, ["Perl"])
treestore.append(it, ["Ruby"])
it = treestore.append(None, ["Compiling languages"])
treestore.append(it, ["C#"])
treestore.append(it, ["C++"])
treestore.append(it, ["C"])
treestore.append(it, ["Java"])
tree.append_column(languages)
tree.set_model(treestore)
self.add(tree)
self.show_all()
PyApp()
gtk.main()
tree = gtk.TreeView()TreeView widget is created.
languages = gtk.TreeViewColumn()It has one column named "Programming languages".
languages.set_title("Programming languages")
cell = gtk.CellRendererText()We show textual data in the TreeView widget.
languages.pack_start(cell, True)
languages.add_attribute(cell, "text", 0)
treestore = gtk.TreeStore(str)To store the data, we use the TreeStore object.
it = treestore.append(None, ["Scripting languages"])We append data to the tree. The TreeIter object is used for accessing data in a row.
treestore.append(it, ["Python"])
treestore.append(it, ["PHP"])
tree.append_column(languages)A column is appended to the tree.
tree.set_model(treestore)Finally, we set a data model for the tree widget.
Figure: Tree
In this chapter of the PyGTK programming tutorial, we were talking about advanced PyGTK widgets.
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